Brain network dynamics in the human articulatory loop

Masaaki Nishida, Anna Korzeniewska, Nathan E. Crone, Goichiro Toyoda, Yasuo Nakai, Noa Ofen, Erik C. Brown, Eishi Asano
2017 Clinical Neurophysiology  
Objective-The articulatory loop is a fundamental component of language function, involved in the short-term buffer of auditory information followed by its vocal reproduction. We characterized the network dynamics of the human articulatory loop, using invasive recording and stimulation. Methods-We measured high-gamma activity 70-110 Hz recorded intracranially when patients with epilepsy either only listened to, or listened to and then reproduced two successive tones by humming. We also conducted
more » ... network analyses, and analyzed behavioral responses to cortical stimulation. Results-Presentation of the initial tone elicited high-gamma augmentation bilaterally in the superior-temporal gyrus (STG) within 40 ms, and in the precentral and inferior-frontal gyri (PCG and IFG) within 160 ms after sound onset. During presentation of the second tone, high-gamma augmentation was reduced in STG but enhanced in IFG. The task requiring tone reproduction further enhanced high-gamma augmentation in PCG during and after sound presentation. Eventrelated causality (ERC) analysis revealed dominant flows within STG immediately after sound onset, followed by reciprocal interactions involving PCG and IFG. Measurement of corticocortical evoked-potentials (CCEPs) confirmed connectivity between distant high-gamma sites in the articulatory loop. High-frequency stimulation of precentral high-gamma sites in either hemisphere induced speech arrest, inability to control vocalization, or forced vocalization. Vocalization of tones was accompanied by high-gamma augmentation over larger extents of PCG. Conclusions-Bilateral PCG rapidly and directly receives feed-forward signals from STG, and may promptly initiate motor planning including sub-vocal rehearsal for short-term buffering of auditory stimuli. Enhanced high-gamma augmentation in IFG during presentation of the second tone may reflect high-order processing of the tone sequence. Significance-The articulatory loop employs sustained reciprocal propagation of neural activity across a network of cortical sites with strong neurophysiological connectivity.
doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2017.05.002 pmid:28622530 pmcid:PMC5512585 fatcat:dsss74dumvcv3drugaly6dqa5y