Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the bronchial arterial infusion (BAI) plus radiation therapy (RT) for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: 79 patients.with locally advanced NSCLC were divided randomly into two groups. In the RT group, the radiation was given by 8Mv X-ray or 18Mv X-ray .with 2Gy/fraction, 5 fraction per week with a total dose of 60Gy-65Gy/6-7 weeks. In the BAI+RT group, the radiation was given as RT group. Bronchial arterial infusion was performed

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... before RT. The regimen consisted of DDP 100 mg/m 2, MMC 10 rag, and 5-Fu 1000 mg. Each patient received two or three cycles. Results: The overall response rates were 80.5% in BAI+RT group and 50% in RT group. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates in the BAI+RT group were significantly improved when compared to'fhe RT group, being 87.8% vs 36.8%, 39.0% vs 7.9%, and 17.1% vs 2.6% respectively. The median time of radiation treatment to recurrence of primary lesion was 11 months in the BAI+RT group and 5 months in the RT group (P<0.05). The acute reactions were increased but acceptable in BAI+RT group, and the radiation treatments were able to be completed without any break. The late reactions were similar in both groups. Conclusion: The survival rates of patients with locally advanced NSCLC can be improved by BAI+RT without increasing any complication.