Pain is a common feeling during an individual's life as an unpleasant sense. Endodontic pain may occur before, during, or after endodontic treatment. The causative factors of complications encompass mechanical, chemical and/or microbial injury to the pulp or periradicular tissues. Microorganisms are arguably the major causative agents of mish ups. For effective endodontic pain management, the causative factors and treatment methods discussed below should be given due consideration to help the patient get rid of the unpleasant feeling of pain.