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Long-term follow-up of patients with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody-positive connective tissue disease: a retrospective observational study including information on the HLA-DRB1 allele and citrullination dependency

Takeshi Iwasaki, Shuichiro Nakabo, Chikashi Terao, Kosaku Murakami, Ran Nakashima, Motomu Hashimoto, Yoshitaka Imura, Naoichiro Yukawa, Hajime Yoshifuji, Yasuo Miura, Kimiko Yurugi, Taira Maekawa (+5 others)
2020 Arthritis Research & Therapy  

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https://web.archive.org/web/20201028094341/https://arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com/track/pdf/10.1186/s13075-020-02351-4

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Background The anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody is a diagnostic biomarker of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, some non-RA connective tissue disease (CTD) patients also test positive for the anti-CCP antibody and, thus, may ultimately develop RA. We retrospectively investigated whether anti-CCP-positive non-RA CTD patients developed RA and attempted to identify factors that may differentiate RA-overlapping CTD from pure CTD. Methods In total, 842 CTD patients with a primary
more » ... gnosis that was not RA were selected from our CTD database as of December 2012. Anti-CCP antibody titers were obtained from a retrospective chart review or measured using stored sera. RA was diagnosed according to the 1987 revised American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. Thirty-three anti-CCP-positive non-RA CTD patients were retrospectively followed up for the development of RA. Bone erosions on the hands and feet were assessed by X-ray. Citrullination dependency was evaluated by an in-house ELISA, the HLA-DRB1 allele was typed, and the results obtained were then compared between RA-overlapping and non-RA anti-CCP-positive CTD patients. Results Two out of 33 anti-CCP-positive CTD patients (6.1%) developed RA during a mean follow-up period of 8.9 years. X-rays were examined in 27 out of the 33 patients, and only one (3.7%) showed bone erosions. The frequency of the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) and anti-CCP antibody titers were both significantly higher in anti-CCP-positive RA-overlapping CTD patients than in anti-CCP-positive non-RA CTD patients, while no significant differences were observed in citrullination dependency. Conclusions Anti-CCP-positive non-RA CTD patients rarely developed RA. HLA-DRB1 SE and anti-CCP antibody titers may facilitate the differentiation of RA-overlapping CTD from anti-CCP-positive non-RA CTD.
doi:10.1186/s13075-020-02351-4 pmid:33076960 fatcat:cqgnm5eqwracjkbkh2ub25fbma
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Takeshi Iwasaki, Shuichiro Nakabo, Chikashi Terao, Kosaku Murakami, Ran Nakashima, Motomu Hashimoto, Yoshitaka Imura, Naoichiro Yukawa, Hajime Yoshifuji, Yasuo Miura, Kimiko Yurugi, Taira Maekawa, Myrthe A. M. van Delft, Leendert A. Trouw, Takao Fujii, Tsuneyo Mimori, Koichiro Ohmura. "Long-term follow-up of patients with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody-positive connective tissue disease: a retrospective observational study including information on the HLA-DRB1 allele and citrullination dependency." Arthritis Research & Therapy 22.1 (2020) 248