CHARACTERISTICS OF UPPER THIRD MOLAR IMPACTION IN BANDUNG CITY POPULATION

Alifya Fahira, Indra Hadikrishna, Lucky Riawan, Yurika Ambar Lita
2022 ODONTO: Dental Journal  
The third molars (M3) are the most frequently impacted teeth because they are the last to erupt, so they often don 't get enough space to erupt. The characteristics of impacted M3 teeth can be different for each person. This study aims to provide a description of maxillary M3 impaction based on age, sex, classification, treatment, and anesthesia in Bandung City population. Method: This was a descriptive study using secondary data from medical records and panoramic radiographs at RSGM UNPAD with
more » ... a purposive sampling technique. Determination of the characteristic impaction using a classification based on Archer, Shiller, Jung and Cho, and Killy and Kay, analyzed with ImageJ software by interobserver and intraobserver, and tested using Kappa statistics for reliability. Result: There were 134 impacted teeth from 102 impacted patients with 67 females (66.34%) and most cases occurred in 17-25 years old (60.4%); Class B, 82 cases (60.9%); distoangular angulation, 76 cases (56.72%); Class 3, 76 cases (52.24%); and one fused roots, 83 cases (64.93%). The most common procedure performed was odontectomy (87.25%) with local anesthesia (63.73%) Conclusion: Characteristics of upper M3 impaction in terms of position, angulation, and its relation to age and sex is needed for the diagnosis, so the management plan by the clinician is better and safer. Panoramic radiography can still be used to determine classification and diagnosis in preparing a treatment plan even though it has limitations. PENDAHULUAN Impaksi gigi adalah gigi yang gagal erupsi sebagian maupun total ke posisi fungsionalnya di lengkung gigi yang pada umumnya berhubungan dengan kurangnya tempat untuk erupsi pada arkus gigi, perkembangan gigi pada posisi yang abnormal, obstruksi oleh gigi atau jaringan lainnya, atau pertumbuhan tulang yang terbatas. 1,2 Gigi molar ketiga (M3) adalah gigi yang paling sering mengalami impaksi karena gigi tersebut paling terakhir erupsi, yaitu pada rentang usia 17-21 tahun, sehingga seringkali tidak memperoleh tempat yang cukup untuk erupsi karena tertahan oleh gigi di depannya. 3 Gigi M3 rahang atas menempati prevalensi kedua tertinggi setelah M3 rahang bawah dari semua gigi impaksi. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Singh dan Chakrabaty 4 di RS Rajareswari India, dari 500 pasien. 33.6% pasien mengalami impaksi gigi dengan prevalensi impaksi M3 mandibula (56%), gigi M3 maksila (38%), gigi kaninus maksila (4.5%), dan gigi premolar pertama mandibula (1.5%). Impaksi gigi M3 merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang sering
doi:10.30659/odj.9.0.57-68 fatcat:z5ddy66nrnflpb32ujhmlv24ji