In endodontic infections a lot of different microrganisms can be time inside dentinal tubules to support such infections. Most of these are Gram negative anaerobes bacteria able to induce an immune response that is the apparent cause of periapical lesion, but also Gram positive facultative aerobic species and fungi of the genus Candida.They play an important role in pain but also in bone periapical resorption. Therefore, the exact knowledge and the subsequent elimination of the microrganisms

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... olved by the system of root canals, although difficult to achieve completely, is essential for the resolution of apical periodontitis. Aims The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of pathogenic microrganisms in patients with endodontic disease using two techniques: direct hybridization of rRNA of commerce and traditional culture.The results were compared.