The importance of the technological development of under-resourced languages is rooted in the imperative of cultural and language diversity and in the basic right of all communities, all languages and all cultures to be "first class citizens" in an age driven by information, knowledge and understanding. Under-resourced languages suffer from a chronic lack of available resources (human-, financial-, time-, dataand technology-wise), and from the fragmentation of efforts in resource development.

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... is often leads to small resources, only usable for limited purposes or developed in isolation, without much connection with other resources and initiatives. The benefits of reusability, accessibility and data sustainability are, more often than not, out of the reach of such languages. Yet, these languages stand to benefit most from emergent collaborative approaches and technologies for language resource development. This situation is exacerbated by the realization that as technology progresses and the demand for localised language services over digital devices increases, the divide between adequately-and under-resourced languages keeps widening. Moreover, given the high cost of language resource production, and given the fact that in many cases it is impossible to avoid the manual construction of resources, it is worth considering collaborative approaches and technologies for data collection, annotation and sharing. Indeed, these approaches seem particularly well-suited for collecting the data needed for the development of language technology applications & Laurette Pretorius