The transverse cooling rate in the horizontal plane, and the equilibrium horizontal transverse emittance as a function of current, have recently been measured in the IUCF Cooler for a 45 MeV proton beam. The measurements, summarized in this report, yielded a transverse cooling rate that was an order of magnitude faster than predicted by the simple nonmagnetized theory. The transverse beam profile was measured using a new "flying wire" profile monitor installed in the T-region of the Cooler

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... the dispersion function is nominally zero and the measured horizontal beta-function is 13.2 m. A rotary pneumatic actuator swings a 6.4 pm diameter carbon filament through the beam at a speed of 8.1 m/s. Secondary electrons produced by the protons passing through the filament are collected by an electrode surrounding the fiber holder. This current is amplified by a low-noise current-to-volt age converter, recorded by an oscilloscope, and transferred to storage on a PC for offline analysis. Approximately 200 to 500 beam revolution periods are necessary to measure the profile, and consequently the monitor cannot differentiate between coherent betatron oscillations and the beam size due to incoherent oscillations. Figure 1 is an example of a transverse beam profile. The long tail on the right-hand side of the profile is due to the interaction of the wire with the proton beam. One can also observe a relatively long tail on the left-hand side. This tail corresponds to an emittance x60 times larger than the rms emittance of the bright central core; such tails develop for relatively high (> 1-2 mA) peak beam currents and are believed to be related to the beam intensity limit in the IUCF Cooler. Figure 2 shows the measured equilibrium horizontal rms normalized emittance as a function of the average beam current. Note the measurements were made with bunched beams and that the horizontal scale is the average beam current. One observes that the beam size (emittance) varies approximately proportional to the 113 (213) power of the beam current. Since the bunch length, to first order, also varies as the 113 power of the beam current,'j2 we see that the particle beam density stays constant, as does the ratio of the longitudinal and transverse beam temperatures; the beam density in phase space decreases inversely with the beam current. The measurements of the transverse cooling rate were made as follows. A 45 MeV proton beam with a current of about 300 pA was injected into the ring and cooled. The beam lifetime was about 120 s. When the current had decayed to 200 pA the beam was kicked transversely and a single transverse and longitudinal profile was taken at a preset time with respect to the kicker. This procedure was repeated while changing the profile sample time in 10 ms increments with respect to the kick time. Figure 3 shows beam profiles obtained immediately prior to and immediately after the kick. Figure 4 summarizes the transverse measurements for two different kick strengths.