Since the publication of the ALNAP study on innovation in international humanitarian action in 2009, innovation has emerged as a central vehicle for change in the humanitarian sector. As the field of humanitarian innovation expands and matures, there is an increasingly vocal expectation that "now is the time to deliver." Navigating optimistic claims about the role and relevance of humanitarian innovation as a vehicle of change-and the reverse inclination to dismiss humanitarian innovation as a

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... eoliberal hype-this review article sets out to get a better sense of the expectations concerning humanitarian innovation as a theory of change: exactly what do actors in the humanitarian sector expect innovation to deliver, how, and why does it matter?