ANALYSIS OF THE COMPETITIVENESS OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA IN THE CONTEXT OF EU ACCESSION PROCESS
ANALIZA KONKURENTNOSTI BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE U KONTEKSTU PRISTUPNIH PROCESA EU

Sanja Jakovljevic, Tatjana Klincov Vujakovic, Zoran Cekerevac
2017 FBIM Transactions  
©MESTE JEL Category: O11 Apstrakt Iako postoji više definicija pojma konkurentnost, OECD je istu definisao kao sposobnost zemlje da u slobodnim i ravnopravnim tržišnim uslovima proizvodi robe i usluge koje prolaze test međunarodnog tržišta, uz istovremeno povećanje realnog dohotka stanovništva. Ova definicija konkurentnosti jasno ukazuje da pojedinu zemlju možemo smatrati konkurentnom ne samo pod uslovom da ima značajnu ulogu u proizvodnji i plasiranju roba na svjetska tržišta, nego da i
more » ... te zemlje u posmatranom periodu ostvaruju viši životni standard mjeren različitim pokazateljima. Na žalost, nizak životni standard od svega trećine EU28 prosjeka jasno ukazuje da BiH uveliko zaostaje za drugim zemljama u tranziciji koje su prošle ili prolaze proces evropskih integracija. Sa stanovišta ekonomske teorije faktori koji određuju tempo ekonomske konvergencije su početna pozicija, očuvanje makroekonomske stabilnosti i stepen uspješnosti u sprovođenju strukturalnih reformi. Nakon globalne recesije, svjetsku ekonomiju karakteriše visok nivo nezaposlenosti, slabiji rast produktivnosti, te prigušen ekonomski rast koji i dalje može biti opterećen raznim neizvjesnostima, kao što su geopolitičke tenzije, cijene energenata i promjena kursa valuta. Ovako nastalo stanje je dobilo naziv "nova normala", tj. novo normalno stanje. Međutim, nedavni razvojni trendovi su obećavajući. Takozvana četvrta industrijska revolucija i novi načini potrošnje poput "ekonomije dijeljenja" mogu dovesti do novog vala inovacija za pokretanje rasta. Takođe, u mnogim zemljama, ekonomske politike su sve više fokusirane na potrebe građana, i ugrađene su u sveukupne društvene ciljeve i strategije razvoja. Adresa autora zaduženog za korespodenciju: Sanja Jakovljević sanjajakovljevic87@yahoo.com Jakovljević S. Konkurentnost BiH u kontekstu pristupa EU Abstract Even though there are several definitions of the concept of competitiveness, the OECD has defined it as an ability of a country to produce goods and services that pass the test of international market in the conditions of free and equal market, while increasing the real income of the population. This definition of competitiveness clearly shows that each country can be considered competitive not only under the condition that it has a significant role in the production and marketing of goods on world markets, but also that the citizens of this country in the observed period achieved a higher standard of living, measured by various indicators. Unfortunately, the low living standard of a third of the EU28 average clearly indicates that B&H lags far behind other transition countries that have undergone or are undergoing the process of European integration. From the standpoint of economic theory, factors determining the pace of economic convergence are a starting position, maintaining macroeconomic stability and the degree of success in implementing structural reforms. After the global recession, the world economy is characterized by high unemployment, lower productivity growth and subdued economic growth which continues to be burdened by a variety of uncertainties, such as geopolitical tensions, energy prices and changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Thus, the resulting situation was named "new normal", i.e. new normal situation. However, recent development trends are promising. The so-called fourth industrial revolution and new ways of spending such as "sharing economy" could lead to a new wave of innovation to drive growth. Also, in many countries, economic policies are increasingly focused on the needs of citizens, and are embedded in the overall societal objectives and strategies of development.
doi:10.12709/fbim.05.05.01.06 fatcat:xbxjptijhvbivoq2554yfu23n4