This study examines the experiences and perceptions of governmental and nongovernmental affiliated support agencies that provide Japanese language support to ethnic minority school children (hereinafter referred to as "EMC" ) between the ages of 6 and 12 enrolled in public elementary schools in a city located in the Kansai region of Japan (hereinafter referred to as "City M" ). One-on-one interviews lasting 40 to 60 minutes were conducted with a total of 11 participants, consisting of language

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... earning support volunteers from both governmental and non-government-affiliated support organizations in the local area. Adopting a grounded theory approach, this study generates theories emerging from the collected data to interpret the personal voices, observations, and perspectives of a few of the local actors supporting the education of ethnic minorities in City M. This study aims to understand and explain the reasons behind the challenges of deficiency, disparity, and disconnect in providing Japanese language support. The researcher hopes to provide insight into the obstacles that need to be overcome in order to provide adequate, sufficient, and sustainable educational support for children from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds within the mainstream Japanese education system.