This research provides an analytical study of the exploitation done to the Malay and Javanese pilgrims during the Hajj season of 1893AD/1311H by both the Emir of Makkah, Sherif Awn Al-Rafiq, and the Ottoman governor, Ahmed Rateb Pasha. The research also focuses on the part played by the British Consulate in Jeddah in order to protect the interests of its subjectsthe Malay and Javanese pilgrimsthrough the pressure exerted on its ambassador in Constantinople. He, in turn, pressured the Sublime

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... te to issue a general statement in Makkah relieving the injustice faced by the eastern Asian pilgrims, mainly the Malay and Javanese. Due to the efforts of the British Consulate, relations were strained between the British Vice-Consul in Jeddah and the Ottoman governor.