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Evaluation of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program for Wound and Burn Care in Three Hospitals in Nepal

Varidhi Nauriyal, Shankar Man Rai, Rajesh Dhoj Joshi, Buddhi Bahadur Thapa, Linda Kaljee, Tyler Prentiss, Gina Maki, Basudha Shrestha, Deepak C. Bajracharya, Kshitij Karki, Nilesh Joshi, Arjun Acharya (+9 others)
2020 Antibiotics  

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Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs can decrease non-optimal use of antibiotics in hospital settings. There are limited data on AMS programs in burn and chronic wound centers in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). A post-prescription review and feedback (PPRF) program was implemented in three hospitals in Nepal with a focus on wound and burn care. A total of 241 baseline and 236 post-intervention patient chart data were collected from three hospitals. There was a significant decrease
more » ... n utilizing days of therapy per 1000 patient days (DOT/1000 PD) of penicillin (p = 0.02), aminoglycoside (p < 0.001), and cephalosporin (p = 0.04). Increases in DOT/1000 PD at post-intervention were significant for metronidazole (p < 0.001), quinolone (p = 0.01), and other antibiotics (p < 0.001). Changes in use of antibiotics varied across hospitals, e.g., cephalosporin use decreased significantly at Kirtipur Hospital (p < 0.001) and Pokhara Academy of Health Sciences (p = 0.02), but not at Kathmandu Model Hospital (p = 0.59). An independent review conducted by infectious disease specialists at the Henry Ford Health System revealed significant changes in antibiotic prescribing practices both overall and by hospital. There was a decrease in mean number of intravenous antibiotic days between baseline (10.1 (SD 8.8)) and post-intervention (8.8 (SD 6.5)) (t = 3.56; p < 0.001), but no difference for oral antibiotics. Compared to baseline, over the 6-month post-intervention period, we found an increase in justified use of antibiotics (p < 0.001), de-escalation (p < 0.001), accurate documentation (p < 0.001), and adherence to the study antibiotic prescribing guidelines at 72 h (p < 0.001) and after diagnoses (p < 0.001). The evaluation data presented provide evidence that PPRF training and program implementation can contribute to hospital-based antibiotic stewardship for wound and burn care in Nepal.
doi:10.3390/antibiotics9120914 pmid:33339283 fatcat:c7ww6ybbhbem3cs5n4n7pr3pnm
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Varidhi Nauriyal, Shankar Man Rai, Rajesh Dhoj Joshi, Buddhi Bahadur Thapa, Linda Kaljee, Tyler Prentiss, Gina Maki, Basudha Shrestha, Deepak C. Bajracharya, Kshitij Karki, Nilesh Joshi, Arjun Acharya, Laxman Banstola, Suresh Raj Poudel, Anip Joshi, Abhinav Dahal, Niranjan Palikhe, Sachin Khadka, Piyush Giri, Apar Lamichhane, Marcus Zervos. "Evaluation of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program for Wound and Burn Care in Three Hospitals in Nepal." Antibiotics 9.12 (2020) 914