The study of migration of rural population to Kharkiv is an important issue in the context of research of history of the city, its urbanization.In the postwar years migration to Kharkiv had been influenced by objective reasons. Firstly, the difficult conditions of living and working in the rural areas. Young people had to go to the town to get a job and education, satisfactory living conditions. Departure of farmers to Kharkov had a negative impact on the workforce in agriculture. Secondly, the

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... famine of 1946-1947 led to an aggravation of the food problem. Kharkiv was among the most affected regions by Ukraine famine. These factors led to a decrease in the rural population. The article is devoted to the study of the main reasons of departure of the rural population to the city in the early postwar years, during the famine of 1946-1947. On the basis of analysis of Ukrainian historiography, materials of interviews with natives from villages, by respondents - eyewitnesses of famine, socio-economic position of village has been shown, terms of life and feed of pea-sants during famine have been analysed, the demographic changes of population of Kharkiv Region, their reasons have been traced, in particular, famine's influence on departure of peasants to the city.