Well into the latter half of the 1990s, few experts believed that CMOS would ever become a credible RF technology. A scant decade later, CMOS dominates in many RF applications below 10GHz. Recent developments show credible performance at millimeter-wave frequencies, and continued scaling promises near-THz operation within a decade. This paper tracks key milestones in the evolution of RF CMOS to identify broad themes that permit plausible speculation about possible futures. Index Terms -RF CMOS,

more »

... low-noise amplifier, oscillator phase noise, ESD, millimeter-wave, terahertz electronics.