Purpose: The aim was to evaluate the use of hydroxyapatite powder (HDX) obtained from human teeth as a material to filled occlusal cavities compared with glass ionomer cement (GIC) through the microleakage analysis. Methods: Sixty-one permanent teeth were selected. Thirty-nine samples were used to obtain the hydroxyapatite powder and 22 used to obtain specimens for microleakage analysis. The teeth were sterilized. Two standardized Class I cavities were performed on the occlusal surface of each

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... ooth. The specimens were randomly distributed in two groups (n = 11) GIC and HDX. The same sample received in occlusal cavities GIC and HDX restorations. After 24 hours 11 samples were immersed in broth containing S.mutans (ATCC 25175) and 5% methylene blue dye (MB + S. mutans) and the remaining 11 samples were immersed in 5% MB. Samples were sectioned mid-distally and dye leakage was assessed by three calibrated examiners. Results: The data were analyzed with Kruskall-Wallis test. There was no difference between GIC and HDX (P>0.05) and between the MB and MB with S. mutans (P>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study it can be concluded that hydroxyapatite may be an alternative as a restorative material.