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Nanoscavenger provides long-term prophylactic protection against nerve agents in rodents

Peng Zhang, Erik J. Liu, Caroline Tsao, Shane A. Kasten, Michael V. Boeri, Thuy L. Dao, Sandra J. DeBus, C. Linn Cadieux, Cetara A. Baker, Tamara C. Otto, Douglas M. Cerasoli, Yantao Chen (+9 others)
2019 Science Translational Medicine  

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Nerve agents are a class of organophosphorus compounds (OPs) that blocks communication between nerves and organs. Because of their acute neurotoxicity, it is extremely difficult to rescue the victims after exposure. Numerous efforts have been devoted to search for an effective prophylactic nerve agent bioscavenger to prevent the deleterious effects of these compounds. However, low scavenging efficiency, unfavorable pharmacokinetics, and immunological problems have hampered the development of
more » ... ective drugs. Here, we report the development and testing of a nanoparticle-based nerve agent bioscavenger (nanoscavenger) that showed long-term protection against OP intoxication in rodents. The nanoscavenger, which catalytically breaks down toxic OP compounds, showed a good pharmacokinetic profile and negligible immune response in a rat model of OP intoxication. In vivo administration of the nanoscavenger before or after OP exposure in animal models demonstrated protective and therapeutic efficacy. In a guinea pig model, a single prophylactic administration of the nanoscavenger effectively prevented lethality after multiple sarin exposures over a 1-week period. Our results suggest that the prophylactic administration of the nanoscavenger might be effective in preventing the toxic effects of OP exposure in humans.
doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aau7091 pmid:30602537 fatcat:ievljc63snd4zbwxnuxxbmzoka
Citation

Peng Zhang, Erik J. Liu, Caroline Tsao, Shane A. Kasten, Michael V. Boeri, Thuy L. Dao, Sandra J. DeBus, C. Linn Cadieux, Cetara A. Baker, Tamara C. Otto, Douglas M. Cerasoli, Yantao Chen, Priyesh Jain, Fang Sun, Wenchen Li, Hsiang-Chieh Hung, Zhefan Yuan, Jinrong Ma, Andrew N. Bigley, Frank M. Raushel, Shaoyi Jiang. "Nanoscavenger provides long-term prophylactic protection against nerve agents in rodents." Science Translational Medicine 11.473 (2019) eaau7091