Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are wireless networks composed of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants, at different locations. Each sensor node in a sensor network is typically equipped with a radio transceiver or other wireless communication device, a small microcontroller, and an energy source, usually a battery. The security analysis and

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... mance simulation show that ROSS not only achieves the predefined security goals, but also allows a tradeoff between security and performance cost. In three new mechanisms in the framework of random key redistributions were proposed to address the bootstrapping problem, namely the q-composite scheme, the multipath reinforcement scheme, and the random pair wise scheme. Each of these three schemes represents a different tradeoff in the design space of random key protocols.