A proposed architecture for emergency response systems based on Digital Earth

Dapeng Li, Chengqi Cheng, Huadong Guo, Changlin Wang
2009 Sixth International Symposium on Digital Earth: Models, Algorithms, and Virtual Reality  
Emergencies are incidents that threaten public safety, health and welfare. Many disastrous emergency events that happened in recent years have drawn great attention to more effective Emergency Response Systems (ERS). ERS need to integrate various kinds of information to support quick emergency response. Digital Earth can solve data interoperation and information integration problems in emergency response. This paper aims to establish the system architecture for quick emergency response based on
more » ... relevant principles and technologies in the domain of Digital Earth. First, this paper analyzes the system requirements of ERS in terms of information integration, fast data access, timeliness and information updating, etc. Second, this paper explores the useful principles and technologies in Digital Earth and discusses how to incorporate them into the architecture of ERS. More attention is paid to Open Geospatial Consortium's Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) information standards. Furthermore, Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) and Location-Based Services (LBS) are also reviewed and the "From Sensor to User" application pattern in emergency response is put forward. Finally, a system architecture based on Digital Earth is proposed for ERS. Downloaded from SPIE Digital Library on 03 Jan 2011 to 162.105.88.225. Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms Proc. of SPIE Vol. 7840 78400V-4 Downloaded from SPIE Digital Library on 03 Jan 2011 to 162.105.88.225. Terms of Use: http://spiedl.org/terms provides middleware support for Sensor Webs [14] [15] . In this paper we also employ SOA to incorporate Sensor Web into the whole ERS architecture. Location Based Services LBSs are information services accessible with mobile devices through the mobile network and utilizing the ability to make use of the location of the mobile device [16] . LBS are normally considered to be composed of mobile devices, communication network, positioning devices, service and application providers and data providers. In LBS the user are provided with tailored spatial information closely related to the user's location or other specific locations. The emergency responders have similar requirements in emergency response. As mentioned earlier, positioning and communication are extremely important in emergency response. Moreover, the emergency responders mostly communicate with the commanding center via mobile devices. Therefore LBS are important supporting technologies in building ERS. Here we will discuss the relevant technologies in LBS and explore their potential use in emergency response.
doi:10.1117/12.872687 fatcat:4qhb5wfjjbf4daj3mbhn2mtyme