From Early Days of Cold Field-Emission Electron Gun at Hitachi to Sub-Angstrom Holography

A Tonomura
2011 Microscopy and Microanalysis  
The brightness or the luminosity of beams is very important for particle beams or electromagnetic beams especially when used as probes for investigating microscopic structures of matter. A most recent example is synchrotron radiation using light beams.
doi:10.1017/s1431927611007239 fatcat:pcycbdbgdve4lfvaa3q4sdmce4