Carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infection across the teaching university affiliated hospitals: risk factors for acquisition among hospitalized patients and molecular subtyping [article]

Ketino Kobaidze, Jesse Thomas Jacob, Traci Leong, William Dana Flanders
2022 medRxiv   pre-print
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an important healthcare-associated pathogen. This study aimed to identify factors associated with CRKP isolation among hospitalized patients, describe molecular epidemiology, and mortality associated with CRKP isolation. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study at the two university-affiliated teaching hospitals. 150 patients were included (30 cases and 120 controls) in this study. Each patient with CRKP, a case-patient, was
more » ... tched with four controls by admission facility, age, and sex. Controls, patients without CRKP were randomly selected from a computerized list of inpatients whose admission date was the same as that of the case, within 48 hours of the date of the initial positive culture. We calculated the risk of in-hospital death as the number of deaths divided by the number of cases and evaluated the risk of mortality associated with the site of positive culture. Molecular epidemiology investigation using comparison of restricted DNA patterns of CRKP by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was conducted. Results: A greater proportion of cases than controls had undergone an invasive procedure, including use of a central vein catheter (p equal 0.007, OR, 3.4, 95% CI, between 1.4 and 8.7), and mechanical ventilation (p equal 0.002, OR, 3.6, 95% CI, between 1.6 and 8.1), nutrition by tube feeding (p equal 0.001, OR, 4.2, 95% CI, between 1.8 and 10). Pre-admission treatment within two months with the following antibiotic classes was associated with CRKP isolation: carbapenems (p equal 0.001, OR, 24.4, 95% CI, between 2.73 and 217.96), fluoroquinolones (p is less than 0.0001, OR, 6.17, 95% CI, between 2.4 and 15.83), antipseudomonal penicillin (p equal 0.02; OR, 6.03; 95% CI, between 1.98 and 18.32), and cephalosporins (p equal 0.001, OR, 5.36, 95% CI, between 2.07 and 13.87). The molecular analysis detected that over 90% of isolates shared similar PFGE patterns. CRKP isolation was associated with significantly higher In-hospital mortality (36.7% versus 3.3%) in comparison to controls (p is less than 0.0001). Positive cultures from sites other than urine were associated with substantially higher mortality than was a positive urine culture (RR equal 4.0).
doi:10.1101/2022.02.08.22269570 fatcat:mcvrcbr4wnc2habklulwvg3y5u