Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a rare but well-recognized post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) autoimmune complication for which a standard treatment approach is lacking. Herein we report on an adult patient affected by high-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who developed a post-HSCT ITP. Due to the refractoriness to first-line therapies the patient underwent the thrombopoietin (TPO) mimetic Eltrombopag obtaining the ITP resolution. We also discuss the clinical course of

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... TP in post-HSCT setting and pros and cons of different therapeutic strategies, focusing on the emerging role of TPO mimetics.