The survey provides trend data on key indicators and includes information on several new topics, such as HIV/AIDS-related behaviour, attitudes toward family life education for girls and boys, use of Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) Programme, men's involvement in maternal care, and health insurance. For the first time, NFHS-3 provides information on men and unmarried women. In addition, NFHS-3 provides estimates of HIV prevalence for India as a whole based on blood samples collected

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... in every state in the country, including Tripura. Separate HIV estimates are also provided for Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Manipur, Tamil Nadu, and Uttar Pradesh. In Tripura, the sample is based on a sample of 1,574 households that is representative at the state level and within the state at the urban and rural levels. The survey interviewed 1,906 women age 15-49 from all the sample households and 711 men age 15-54 from a subsample of households to obtain information on population, health, and nutrition in the state. The household response rate in the state as a whole was 98 percent, and the individual response rates were 97 percent for eligible women and 92 percent for eligible men. In Tripura, height and weight measurements were taken for all children under age six years and all interviewed women and men in the sample households. Haemoglobin levels were measured for all interviewed women and men and for all children age 6-59 months. In addition, in a subsample of households, all interviewed women and men were eligible to have their blood collected for HIV testing. Biomarkers were measured only after obtaining informed consent. The NFHS-3 fieldwork in Tripura was conducted by Development and Research Services (DRS), New Delhi, between April and July 2006. This report presents the key findings of the NFHS-3 survey in Tripura, followed by detailed tables and an appendix on sampling errors. More information about the definitions of indicators included in this report is contained in Volume I of the NFHS-3 National Report, and the questionnaires and details of the sampling procedure for NFHS-3 are contained in Volume II of the NFHS-3 National Report (available at www.nfhsindia.org). 2 HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS Household composition The majority of households in Tripura are concentrated in rural areas (82%) and less than twofifths (18%) are in urban areas. On average, households in Tripura are comprised of 4.3 members. Thirteen percent of households are headed by women. The vast majority of households have household heads who are Hindu (89%). Only 9 percent of households have household heads who are Muslims, and 2 percent of household heads are Buddhists/Neo-Buddhists. All other religions account for less than 1 percent of household heads. Twenty-three percent of household heads belong to scheduled castes, 17 percent belong to scheduled tribes, and 21 percent belong to other backward classes (OBC). Almost two-fifths (39%) of households heads do not belong to any of these groups. Thirty percent of Tripura's population is under age 15; only 6 percent is age 65 and over. Among children under 18 years of age, 6 percent have experienced the death of one or both parents. In all, 86 percent of children under age 18 years live with both parents, 9 percent live with one parent, and 4 percent live with neither parent. Housing characteristics In Tripura, only 12 percent of households live in a pucca house, compared with 46 percent for India as a whole. Even in urban areas, only 35 percent of households live in a pucca house. Tripura has a lower proportion of households living in a pucca house than any other state except Manipur. Seventy-one percent of households live in a semi-pucca house (58% in urban areas and 74% in rural areas) and 16 percent live in a kachha house. Sixty-nine percent of households (64% of rural households and 92% of urban households) have electricity, up from 64 percent at the time of NFHS-2. Ninety-seven percent of households have some type of sanitation facility; 52 percent have an improved sanitation facility. Almost all households in Tripura have some type of sanitation facility, and more than half have an improved sanitation facility. Seventy-six percent of households use an improved source of drinking water (95% of urban households and 72% of rural households), but only 13 percent have water piped into their dwelling, yard, or plot (35% of urban households and only 8 percent of rural households). Two-fifths of households get their drinking water from a tube well or borehole. Over half of households (55%) treat their drinking water to make it potable; 47 percent use a ceramic, sand, or other filter; 15 percent boil the water; 1 percent strain the water through a cloth; and 3 percent treat it in some other way. 32 9 8 16 25 40 31 26 42 28 13 4 Wealth Index Percentage of households in urban and rural areas and percent distribution of households by wealth quintile Total 100% Urban 18% Rural 82% Lowest Highest