Solid Particles in Natural Gas from a Transportation Network: A Chemical Composition Study

Maxime Cachia, Hervé Carrier, Brice Bouyssiere, Philippe Le Coustumer, Pierre Chiquet, Guilhem Caumette, Isabelle Le Hécho
2019 Energies  
This paper aims to provide the elemental composition of particles found in natural gas. Particle sampling is performed on cellulose filters obtained from an industrial gas storage facility, and the qualitative particle composition is determined by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Our results establish that natural gas may contain solid particles, with sizes ranging from less than 1 μm to more than 50 μm. The observed particles are composed of numerous
more » ... ts, such as aluminum (Al), silica (Si), sulphur (S), chloride (Cl), chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), manganese (Mg), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V), potassium (K), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), silver (Ag), cobalt (Co), iodine (I), and barium (Ba), with relative occurrences ranging from 1 to 85%. Moreover, metallic elements enable the formation of larger particles as a result of the agglomeration of smaller particles.
doi:10.3390/en12203866 fatcat:ixno5klinjcltgxxkmuydy6zju