Introduction 3. Pediatric proteomics and medicine 3.1. Pediatric proteomics is a branch of clinical proteomics 3.2. Proteomics and systems biology 3.3. Clinical proteomics, proteins and biological functions 4. "Omics" and the central dogma of molecular biology 4.1. The original central dogma 4.2. The updated central dogma 4.3. Functional genomics 5. The complexity of human proteins 5.1. What gives rise to an organism's complexity? 5.2. Protein complexity, gene modularity and post-translational

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... odifications 6. Why Proteomics and Transcriptomics? 6.1 The poor correlation between protein and mRNA abundance 6.2 mRNA sequence cannot predict protein levels or their posttranslational modifications 7. Proteomics provides insight into disease mechanisms 8. Expression proteomics and cell-map proteomics 8.1. The intrinsic complexity of proteomics 8.2. Expression proteomics 9. Advances in proteomic technology 9.1. Gel electrophoresis 9.2. Limitations of 2-D PAGE 9.3. Mass spectrometry (MS), the enabling technology of proteomic 9.4. MALDI, ESI and soft ionization 9.5. MS and Bioinformatics 9.6. MS based proteomics and MudPIT 10. Protein chips and personalized pediatric medicine 10.1. Protein chips 10.2. Future clinical potential 11. Summary 12. Acknowledgements 13. References