ANALIZA MICROSATELIŢILOR-MIJLOC MODERN DE INVESTIGARE A PATERNITĂŢII MICROSATELLITE ANALYSIS-MODERN TOOL FOR PATERNITY INVESTIGATIONS APLICAŢII ALE GENETICII MOLECULARE ÎN BIOTEHNOLOGIILE VETERINARE ŞI ANIMALE MOLECULAR GENETICS APPLICATIONS IN VETERINARY AND ANIMAL BREEDING BIOTECHNOLOGIES
M Turcitu, Handan Coste, Codreanu, Nicolae, G Bărboi, Carmen Crivineanu, D Ciupercescu, I Groza, M Cenariu, Emoke Pall, Laura Cătană, Brînduşa Stegeran
unpublished
Molecular biology tests based on identification, amplification and characterization of nucleic acids have revolutionized diagnostic approach, inexact and time consuming tests are now replaced by DNA analysis, much faster and accurate than traditional methods. One example in this direction proved to be biological material analysis with origin establishment of the individual subjected to investigation, through genetic fingerprinting techniques. Such techniques proved their superiority on
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... al investigation, allowing better inclusion or exclusion of the individuals, a consequence of strategic localization of genetic material subjected to investigation. Cuvinte cheie: genetică moleculară, biotehnologie veterinară, PCR, trasabilitate, selecţie asistată de markeri (MAS) SUMMARY The mini-review covers some recent methods and applications of most advanced knowledge in the field of molecular genetics, genetic engineering and animal science biotechnology with declared intention of triggering a rapid modernization in the education system of veterinary students in Romania. The PCR techniques increased considerably the sensitivity of DNA and ARN detection providing a sensitive and reliable tool far pathogen identification, embryo sex determining or genetic diseases diagnostic assays. The advantages of using the new generations of DNA-based vaccines have also been considered. More than 430 genetic diseases are recognized and documented to date in dogs alone. Gene therapy, tissue targeted drug delivery systems (DDS) and cell encapsulation biotechnologies were all briefly described. The importance of transgenic animals technology in the area of basic research and eventually in the alteration of some economically important traits in livestock and fish was also presented. Conservation of indigen animal genetic resources by ex situ approaches (domestic animal zoos, cryopreservation of semen, ova and embryos) ought to be considered for a national strategy. There is a strong case to save and preserve individual genes or gene combinations for possible future of in toto regeneration of certain strains and breeds at risk of extinction. In order to speed up selection response, marker assisted selection (MAS), gene assisted selection (GAS) and marker-quantitative trait loci (QTL) linkage considerations were analyzed. Finally, food traceability from farm-to-fork and from fork-to-farm give an idea of how outstanding is to raise permanent questions on food safety issues, how important is to identify farm animals by DNA fingerprinting and how genetic biotechnologies could influence our health or our heath risks.
fatcat:kbusgxqfgbdtnbctgek2c6ixua
