AbstractShale lithofacies identification and prediction are of great importance for the successful shale gas and oil exploration. Based on the well and seismic fine calibration, extraction, and optimization of seismic attributes, root mean square (RMS) amplitude analysis is used to predict the spatial–temporal distribution of various lithofacies in the fifth organic-matter-rich interval, and the prediction results are confirmed by the logging data and geological background. The results indicate

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... that in the early expansion system tract, dolomitic shale and calcareous shale were widely developed and argillaceous shale, silty shale, and argillaceous siltstone only developed in the periphery of deep depression. With the lake level rising, argillaceous shale and calcareous shale were well-developed, and argillaceous shale interbedded with silty shale or argillaceous siltstone developed in deep or semi-deep lake. In the late expansion system tract, argillaceous shale was widely deposited in the deepest sag; calcareous shale presented in eastern sag with belt distribution.