pl Materials and methods The experiment was carried out on 6 Polish Holstein-Friesian var. Black-and-White male calves from the 13th to the 16th day of life. The use and handling of animals for this experiment was approved by the Local Commission of Ethics for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (No. 3/2010 of 14.01.2010). During the first 3 days of life, calves were fed colostrum, and then from the 4th day milk replacer in an amount of 10% of body weight per day. Animals were fed milk

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... er (Mlekovit Imupro, Polmass) containing 23% crude protein, 16% crude fat, 0.1% crude fiber, 45% lactose, 7.5% crude ash, 1.7% lysine, 0.42% methionine, 0.9% calcium, and 0.7% phosphorus. Calves were fed twice daily. On the 13th day (during the evening feeding) and on the 14th day (during the morning feeding) monohydrate lactose (Pharma Cosmetic) in the amount of 1 g/kg of body weight was added to the milk replacer. Blood samples were collected once, always before the evening feeding. Blood was drawn from the jugular vein Abstract: The aim of the study was to create a specific pattern of protein expression changes in the plasma of 2-week-old calves treated with excessive lactose doses. Identification of proteins, the expression of which changes during the short-term administration of lactose, may help to exclude or confirm the causes of diarrhea observed in newborn calves. The present study utilized 2-D electrophoresis combined with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and identified 6 blood plasma proteins, the expression of which changed under the influence of lactose added to the milk replacer. The pattern of expression of blood plasma proteins, including decreased expression of fibrinogen and apolipoprotein A-IV and increased expression of alpha-1B-glycoprotein, alpha-1-antiproteinase, and apolipoprotein E in 2-week-old calves fed with lactose-rich milk replacer, can be used to determine the causes of diarrhea in calves.