Evaluation of Power Distribution among the European Political Groups in the European Parliament in 1979-2014
Оценка распределения влияния между политическими группами в Европейском парламенте в 1979-2014 гг

Рита Камалова
2016 Polis. Political Studies  
Das Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS) wurde im Jahr 1963 von zwei prominenten Exilösterreicherndem Soziologen Paul F. Lazarsfeld und dem Ökonomen Oskar Morgenstern -mit Hilfe der Ford-Stiftung, des Österreichischen Bundesministeriums für Unterricht und der Stadt Wien gegründet und ist somit die erste nachuniversitäre Lehr-und Forschungsstätte für die Sozial-und Wirtschaftswissenschaften in Österreich. Die Reihe Ökonomie bietet Einblick in die Forschungsarbeit der Abteilung für Ökonomie und
more » ... zwirtschaft und verfolgt das Ziel, abteilungsinterne Diskussionsbeiträge einer breiteren fachinternen Öffentlichkeit zugänglich zu machen. Die inhaltliche Verantwortung für die veröffentlichten Beiträge liegt bei den Autoren und Autorinnen. Abstract Analysis of the Constitutional Treaty of the European Union shows that there is a serious discrepancy between the voting power gradient of Member States computed by the Shapley-Shubik and Banzhaf indices. Given the lack of compelling arguments to choose between these indices on purely axiomatic grounds, we turn to a probabilistic approach as pioneered by Straffin (1977) focusing on the probability distribution of voting poll outcomes. We present a unifying model of power indices as expected decisiveness, which shows that the defining feature of each approach is a particular distribution of the voting poll. Empirical evidence drawn from voting situations, in addition to a consideration of first principles, leads us to reject one of these approaches. The unified formulation allows us to develop useful related concepts of efficiency and blocking leverage, previously used solely by a 'Banzhaf' approach, for the case of Shapley-Shubik, and a comparison of results is shown. ENEPRI publications include three series: Research Reports, which consist of papers presenting the findings and conclusions of research undertaken in the context of ENEPRI research projects; Working Papers, which constitute dissemination to a wider public of research undertaken and already published by ENEPRI partner institutes on their own account; and thirdly, Occasional Papers (closed series) containing a synthesis of the research presented at workshops organised during the first years of the network's existence.
doi:10.17976/jpps/2016.04.12 fatcat:kynun4ozajbcfmbtvomhpfczyy