Background: Organizing pneumonia (OP) is a secondary process in many diseases. Due to low incidence and indistinct symptoms, there is limited information about OP associated with hematologic malignancies. To discuss the characteristics and prognosis of OP associated with hematologic malignancies, we conducted this study.Methods: We observed and analyzed pathologically confirmed OP cases associated with hematologic malignancies in hospital records database, and excluded OP cases with other

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... d reasons, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy, transplantation and infection. Result: There were 5 patients with OP underlying only hematologic malignancies, including one case of myelodysplastic syndrome, one case of acute myelogenous leukemia, one case of multiple myeloma case, one case of aplastic anemia, and one T cell lymphoma. Radiological findings did not show a distinct pattern, and two cases mimicked pulmonary aspergillosis. The diagnosis of OP was confirmed by minimally invasive biopsy. Although all patients developed into severe cases, steroids produced favorable outcomes. Conclusion: This study supports that hematologic malignancies might be a cause of OP and that minimally biopsy may be an effective and safe method to confirm the diagnosis. Although OP associated with hematologic malignancies might more frequently develop into severe cases, the OP lesions were steroid-responsive during follow-up.