This work is the first record of the perception of artisanal fishers in the Caravela city-Bahia and its respective districts (Ponta de Areia and Barra de Caravelas) regarding the species Mussismilia braziliensis (Verrill 1868), its ethnozoological aspects and its socio-environmental importance. The main objective is to associate the knowledge of these artisanal fishers about this species with the ethnoconservation of the Abrolhos Marine National Park (PARNAM-Abrolhos). Data collection was

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... ted from March to August 2019 through semi-structured interviews with 14 fishers, both men and women, from each fishing communities (Caravelas, Ponta de Areia and Barra de Caravelas). Of the 42 interviewed fishers, half are diving fishers and half fish using other methods. An ethno-mapping was carried out with two focal groups in order to know if the fishing grounds have received their names due to the presence or absence of corals. Using morphological characteristics, the focus species is grouped together with other corals belonging to different families, which are all considered to be brain corals. Other studies are recommended to appreciate the knowledge of the Caravelas fishers and use it for future environmental education, management and conservation projects of the PARNAM-Abrolhos.