+PVTQFWEVKQP 6WXG\ RI HOHFWURPDJQHWLF ZDYH SURSDJDWLRQ ZLWKLQ WXQQHOV ZDV GULYHQ LQ WKH HDUO\ VHYHQWLHV E\ WKH QHHG IRU FRPPXQLFDWLRQ DPRQJ ZRUNHUV LQ PLQH WXQQHOV 6XFK WXQQHOV DUH IRXQG LQ WKH IRUP RI D JULG RI FURVVLQJ WXQQHOV UXQQLQJ IRU VHYHUDO NLORPHWHUV ZKLFK FDOOHG IRU UHOLDEOH PHDQV RI FRPPXQLFDWLRQ 6LQFH WKHQ D JUHDW QXPEHU RI FRQWULEXWLRQV KDYH DSSHDUHG LQ WKH RSHQ OLWHUDWXUH VWXG\LQJ WKH PHFKDQLVPV RI FRPPXQLFDWLRQ LQ WXQQHOV 0XFK H[SHULPHQWDO DQG WKHRUHWLFDO ZRUN ZDV GRQH LQ 86$ DQG

more »

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·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www.intechopen.com /QDKNG CPF 9KTGNGUU %QOOWPKECVKQPU 2J[UKECN NC[GT FGXGNQROGPV CPF KORNGOGPVCVKQP and Implementatiom Edited by Salma Ait Fares and Fumiyuki Adachi ISBN 978-953-307-043-8 Hard cover, 290 pages Publisher InTech InTech Europe InTech China Mobile and Wireless Communications have been one of the major revolutions of the late twentieth century. We are witnessing a very fast growth in these technologies where mobile and wireless communications have become so ubiquitous in our society and indispensable for our daily lives. The relentless demand for higher data rates with better quality of services to comply with state-of-the art applications has revolutionized the wireless communication field and led to the emergence of new technologies such as Bluetooth, WiFi, Wimax, Ultra wideband, OFDMA. Moreover, the market tendency confirms that this revolution is not ready to stop in the foreseen future. Mobile and wireless communications applications cover diverse areas including entertainment, industrialist, biomedical, medicine, safety and security, and others, which definitely are improving our daily life. Wireless communication network is a multidisciplinary field addressing different aspects raging from theoretical analysis, system architecture design, and hardware and software implementations. While different new applications are requiring higher data rates and better quality of service and prolonging the mobile battery life, new development and advanced research studies and systems and circuits designs are necessary to keep pace with the market requirements. This book covers the most advanced research and development topics in mobile and wireless communication networks. It is divided into two parts with a total of thirty-four stand-alone chapters covering various areas of wireless communications of special topics including: physical layer and network layer, access methods and scheduling, techniques and technologies, antenna and amplifier design, integrated circuit design, applications and systems. These chapters present advanced novel and cutting-edge results and development related to wireless communication offering the readers the opportunity to enrich their knowledge in specific topics as well as to explore the whole field of rapidly emerging mobile and wireless networks. We hope that this book will be useful for students, researchers and practitioners in their research studies.