2 We have previously demonstrated that reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training 3 (REHIT), requiring a maximum of two 20-s all out cycling sprints in a 10-min exercise session, 4 improves insulin sensitivity in sedentary men over a 6-week training intervention. However, 5 the acute effects of REHIT on insulin sensitivity have not previously been described. In this 6 study fourteen men and women (mean±SD age: 23±5 y; BMI 22.7±4.7 kg·m -2 ; V O2max: 7 37.4±8.6 mL·kg -1 ·min -1 )

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... oral glucose tolerance testing 14-16 hours after an acute 8 bout of reduced-exertion high-intensity interval training (2 x 20-s all-out sprints; REHIT), 9 moderate-vigorous aerobic exercise (45 minutes at ~75% VO2max; AER), and a resting 10 control condition (REST). Neither REHIT nor AER were associated with significant changes 11 in glucose AUC (REHIT 609±98 vs. AER 651±85 vs. REST 641±126 mmol·l -1 ·120 min), insulin 12 AUC (REHIT 30.9±15.4 vs. AER 31.4±13.0 vs. REST 35.0±18.5 nmol·l -1 ·120 min) or insulin 13 sensitivity estimated by the Cederholm index (REHIT 86±20 vs. AER 79±13 vs. REST 82±24 14 mg·l 2 ·mmol -1 ·mU -1 ·min -1 ). These data suggest that improvements in insulin sensitivity 15 following a chronic REHIT intervention are the result of training adaptations rather than acute 16 effects of the last exercise session.