Nonhyperbolic reflection moveout for horizontal transverse isotropy

AbdulFattah Al‐Dajani, Ilya Tsvankin
1998 Geophysics  
The transversely isotropic model with a horizontal axis of symmetry (HTI) has been used extensively in studies of shear-wave splitting to describe fractured formations with a single system of parallel vertical penny-shaped cracks. Here, we present an analytic description of longspread reflection moveout in horizontally layered HTI media with arbitrary strength of anisotropy. The hyperbolic moveout equation parameterized by the exact normal-moveout (NMO) velocity is sufficiently accurate for
more » ... ves on conventional-length spreads (close to the reflector depth), although the NMO velocity is not, in general, usable for converting time to depth. However, the influence of anisotropy leads to the deviation of the moveout curve from a hyperbola with increasing spread length, even in a single-layer model. To account for nonhyperbolic moveout, we have derived an exact expression for the azimuthally dependent quartic term of the Taylor series traveltime expansion [t 2 (x 2 )] valid for any pure mode in an HTI layer. The quartic moveout coefficient and the NMO velocity are then substituted into the nonhyperbolic moveout equation of Tsvankin and Thomsen, originally designed for vertical transverse isotropy (VTI). Numerical examples for media with both moderate and uncommonly strong non-
doi:10.1190/1.1444469 fatcat:ldftyq6unjhrzpyvwexacgsqyu