This paper aims to analyze the reasons why South America needs to establish a regional arena of dialogue in the face of challenges in an increasing multipolar world. We consider UNASUR as the regional initiative with greater possibilities of turning into a forum through which consensus can be reached and common regional stands established. We will focus on the case of the People's Republic of China because it appears as a real alternative to the United States and the European Union in the

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... cial and investment fields. At the same time, the size of its economy, allows considering the insertion of the whole South America, an element that would favor cooperation.