Diabetes mellitus causes progressive changes to the kidneys and ultimately results in diabetic renal nephropathy this complication progresses can be delayed with intensive therapy to normalize blood glucose. In the early stage there are no over signs of renal dysfunction. Microalbuminuria is a beginning to the renal complications of diabetes mellitus it is a significant index for early detection as well as monitoring the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Urine microalbumin measurement is

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... rtant in the management of patients with diabetes mellitus who are at serious risk of developing nephropathy over their lifetime Aims: To determine the effect of diabetes mellitus on renal function in Sudanese type2 diabetic patients (non-insulin-dependent) by measuring microalbuminuria which express by Albumin creatinine ratio Materials and methods: the study involved a control group of apparently healthy non Diabetic (N=50) matched for age with a test group of Diabetic (N=50). The range of both groups was 30-65 years old. Then microalbumin was measured by a fluorescence immunoassay and urine creatinine was measured by Jaffe kinetic method Appropriate statistical tests were used to assess significant difference in the means of the studied concentrations between cases and control group. Results: The diabetic patient showed high levels of microalbumin/creatinine ratio [M±SD =52.4±80.9mg/g] compared with control group [M±SD =8.7±3.8mg/g], this difference was considered statistically significant [P = 0.000 which is less than 0.05].there is significant differences in microalbumin levels in diabetic patient [M±SD =69.6+93mg/l] compare with control group {12.7+7.3mg/l] P=0.000 which is less than 0.05. While there is no significant difference in Creatinine levels in diabetic [M±SD = 135.8± 60.6mg/dl] compared with control group [M±SD = 137±46.6mg/dl P = 0.909 which is higher than 0.05] Conclusion: This study shows that high level of microalbumin creatinine ratio is significantly more common into Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It may be useful to do early screening of diabetic nephropathy.