Traditional Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) systems, in place in all the States, include three licensing stages: the initial learner stage, an intermediate or provisional phase, and full licensure. An important component of GDL systems is the extended learner stage for beginning drivers. This stage gives novice drivers opportunity to gain valuable driving experience under the supervision of experienced adult drivers. Novice drivers rarely crash while they are being supervised by adults, but

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... e the highest crash rates of all age groups during the first six months of unsupervised driving when they become fully licensed.