X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analysis using X-ray absorption spectroscopy is being applied as a state-of-theart method in a wide range of disciplines. This review article summarizes the overall procedure of XAFS analysis from the preparation of soil samples to the analysis of data in X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) region and extended Xray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) region. The previous studies on application of XANES and EXAFS techniques in environmental soil

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... ce field are discussed and classified them according to metal(loid)s (As, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn). A significant number of previous studies of XAFS application in the environmental soil science field have focused on the identification of Pb chemical species in soil. Moreover, XANES and EXAFS techniques have been widely used to investigate the contamination source via identification of metal species. Similarly, these techniques were applied to identify the mechanisms of metal stabilization in soil after application of various amendments, phytoremediation, etc. Keywords extended X-ray absorption fine structure · heavy metal · immobilization · mechanism · metal speciation · soil contamination · X-ray absorption fine structure · X-ray absorption near edge structure 토양 내 중금속의 안정화와 기작 규명 중금속(heavy metal)으로 인한 토양오염은 주로 가행 및 휴·폐 광산 인근 지역, 군 사격장 부지, CCA (chromated copper arsenate) This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.