Expectations and perceptions of Nigerian patients regarding infectious diseases in dentistry

C. Azodo, A. Umoh, H. Oboro
2010 International Journal of Infectious Diseases  
To determine the effect of outcome and process surveillance (intervention) on the rate of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) infection in three intensive care units (ICU) from 2 cities of Mexico. Methods: An open label, prospective cohort, active VAP surveillance, sequential study was conducted on adult and neonatal patients admitted to tertiary-care ICUs. Rates of VAP were recorded by applying the definitions provided by CDC-NNIS. The protocol, forms, and outcome and process surveillance
more » ... hodology used were developed by the INICC. Data were collected from patients with and without device associated infection (DAI). Forms were designed to continuously prompt surveillance officer to suspect DAI by providing a panoramic view of outcomes for each patient (eg, vital signs, invasive device use, cultures, antibiotic use, etc); this is useful when no cultures have been done and thus DAI could be wrongly omitted. Data were collected in ICU. Data uploading and analysis were done at INICC office analyzing DAI rates, microbiological profile of isolates, bacterial resistance, LOS, extra mortality. The VAP rates during baseline were compared to the rates during an intervention period. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The baseline period included the first eight months of the medical centers' participation, and the intervention period lasted a mean of 8 months (range 7-9 months). During the baseline period, 584 ICU patients were enrolled, and 454 patients were enrolled during the intervention period. Patients' characteristics were similar over the two periods (Patient gender, P: 0.3394; Diabetes, P: 0.1715; Renal Failure, P: 0.3951; Stroke, P: 0.2929). The rate of VAP per 1,000 ventilator days during the intervention period was significantly lower than during the baseline period, 17.6 (19/1,078) vs 8.3 (15/1,797) VAP per 1000 ventilator days (RR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24-0.93; P 0.0267). Conclusion: Outcome and process surveillance resulted in a significant reduction in the VAP rate.
doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.2059 fatcat:p6aj63xpt5czdekjkavztljuum