Highlights • Work-related fatigue is a global and costly problem in many operational systems. • The fatigue literature is positioned at the intersection of several related topics. • This work reviews the contributions of OR to fatigue measurement and mitigation. Keywords: fatigue operational research operational performance work-rest and shift scheduling A B S T R A C T Work-related fatigue is a multidimensional phenomenon with significant effects on operational performance. Our work focuses on

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... how the literature of operational research measures and models fatigue and its effects on operational performance, and on how it mitigates those effects. We position the literature of fatigue relative to that of workrest scheduling, shift scheduling, multitasking, ergonomics, deterioration scheduling, and occupational health and safety. We classify the literature of fatigue across multiple dimensions: the methods by which it is identified and measured; the operational research methodology applied for fatigue prevention or mitigation; the flexibility allowed in work-rest scheduling and in shift scheduling; applications within manufacturing, construction, transportation, hospitals, and services; and the extent to which real data is used and results are implemented. Our work shows that operational research has contributed numerous effective algorithms and heuristic solution procedures to fatigue mitigation. We also identify several important research directions for operational research, to promote its broader and more effective use to identify and mitigate the effects of fatigue on operational performance.