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The Extreme Scarcity of Dust-enshrouded Red Supergiants: Consequences for Producing Stripped Stars via Winds
2022
Astrophysical Journal
Quiescent mass loss during the red supergiant (RSG) phase has been shown to be far lower than prescriptions typically employed in single-star evolutionary models. Importantly, RSG winds are too weak to drive the production of Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars and stripped-envelope supernovae (SE-SNe) at initial masses of roughly 20–40 M ⊙. If single stars are to make WR stars and SE-SNe, this shifts the burden of mass loss to rare dust-enshrouded RSGs (DE-RSGs), objects claimed to represent a short-lived,
doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac6dcf
fatcat:2qsckczd5bhmljmggik4fxv7jy