The microstructure of resin-based cement materials is mostly composed of hybrid fillers. The improvement of chemical-and micro-structure of resin-based cement materials decreased the degree of the surface roughness. Subgingival region is the area of the most common localization of the demarcation line. Such location of the demarcation zone does not allow a proper removal of the excess cement during cementing procedure of the fixed dental restorations. The most common problems occur during the

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... moval procedures of resin-based cement materials which, after the polymerization, are not soluble in the sulcus fluid. The rough surface of the exposed cement materials represents predilection area for dental plaque accumulation with the possibility of causing gingivitis and parodontopathy. The aim of the study is to show the influence of methods used to remove the excess of resin-based cement materials on the roughness degree of the exposed surface. Within the experiment, the teeth with cemented ceramic crowns were observed. The removal procedure of the excess cement material was conducted in four different ways. The exposed surface of cement material was, after the polymerization, observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of the analysis performed by using the SEM indicate various roughness degrees in the surface of the cement material. The lowest degree of roughness was observed on the polished surface. The highest degree of roughness was observed within the methods most commonly used in practice, such is breaking off of the excess cement after the roentgenoscopy for 5-second duration, followed by total light polymerization. On the basis of the analysis of the observed surfaces, it can be concluded that methods used to remove excess cement material significantly influence the degree of its surface roughness.