The Elementary School National Curriculum Standard (2017) and the Lower Secondary School National Curriculum Standard (2017) indicates that each school should implement class improvements for realizing proactive, interactive, and authentic learning of the pupils. In particular, from now on, each school must pay attention to forging the perspectives and ways of thinking pertinent to each subject (discipline-based epistemological approaches, hereinafter referred to as "Approaches").Therefore, it

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... s necessary to take these Approaches from now in the held of science instruction. Based on the results of the National Assessment of Academic Ability survey in Akita Prefecture, we have considered how to best improve science classes in the future through the ideal Approach.