Rhus tripartita (Ucria) Grande, is an Anacardiaceae autochthonous shrub of the Algerian Sahara. Its ecological, pastoral and therapeutics interests prompted us to carry out an eco-physiological and biochemical behavior in relation to aridity. Therefore, relative water content of shrub leaves were found on average 81.55% and the maximum of electrolyte leakage recorded was 14.29. The biochemical determination of proteins and sugars shows that leaves are a true source of protein (33.76 mg/g FM)

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... (33.76 mg/g FM) and sugars (938.93 μg/g FM) while the proline assay gave a value of 824.40 μg/g. The quantitative study of flavonoids in the leaves gave a result of 36.53 mg/g. The analysis of photosynthetic pigments content showed respectively results of 28.1 μg/g, 31.24 μg/g, 56.47 μg/g and 11.23 μg/g for chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids. The total antioxidant capacity was evaluated and gave result of 95.5 mg GAE/g. Therefore, Rhus tripartita was found to accumulate high proportions of primary and secondary metabolites which showed a good adaptation to its arid environment. In conclusion, the plant can be considered as a xeromorphic plant, that is, a desert-adapted plant that is not limited by the water availability.