There are two rare orchids Platanthera bifolia (L.) Rich. and Platanthera chlorantha (Cust.) Reichenb. in the Smolensk Lakeland National Park . The main goal of our study was assessment of populations' status and survival trends. We described habitat conditions, population size dynamics and ontogenetic structure dynamics. P. bifolia populations have large quantity, complete age structure and survival trend is stable. P. chlorantha has only one population, that is sustainable, but has low number of plants and needs monitoring and protection.