The South and South-East Asia region has very high prevalence of STI. In India, Arunachal Pradesh, the only state bordering China, Bhutan and Myanmar has recorded national highest in Syphillis amongst ANC attendees in HIV Sentinel Surveillance of 2010-11. An effort is made through informal conversational method and by analyzing available public data to explore the factors behind high prevalence of STIs in this geographically and culturally diverse state towards designing appropriate control

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... ures. Interaction with service providers and local people revealed various vulnerability factors for increased prevalence of STIs in the state. Sensitive international borders of 13 districts and construction of hydro-electric power projects mobilize huge number of uniformed personnel and migrant workers into the state. STI prevalence and contributing factors in the districts are described under three categories on the basis of controlled, increasing and alarming increase. Prevailing myths, cultural and behavioral factors among the indigenous people contribute to risky sexual practices and increased STIs. Preventive measures should be made available for general population considering the specific local issues related to risky sexual practices. Interventions need to be customized for every client. Motivation of the service providers is essential to ensure good compliance.