Problem statement: Grammatical Relation (GR) can be defined as a linguistic relation established by grammar, where linguistic relation is an association among the linguistic forms or constituents. Fundamentally the GR determines grammatical behaviors such as: placement of a word in a clause, verb agreement and the passivity behavior. The GR of Arabic language is a necessary prerequisite for many natural language processing applications, such as machine translation and information retrieval.

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... study focuses on the GR related problems of Arabic language and addresses the issue with optimum solution. Approach: We had proposed a rule based production method to recognize Grammatical Relations (GRs), as the rule-based approach had been successfully used in developing many natural language processing systems. In order to eradicate the problems of sentence structure recognition, the proposed technique enhances the basic representations of Arabic language such as: Noun Phrase (NP), Verb Phrase (VP), Preposition Phrase (PP) and Adjective Phrase (AP). We had implemented and evaluated the Rule-Based approach that handles chunking and GRs of Arabic sentences. Results: The system was manually tested on 80 Arabic sentences, with the length of each sentence ranging from 3-20 words. The results had yielded the F-score of 83.60%. This outcome proves the viability of this approach for Arabic sentences of GRs extraction. Conclusion: The main achievement of this study is development of Arabic grammatical relation extractions based ob rule-based approaches.