Mediastinitis is the most common complication after cardiac surgery, which always induces large damages to patients. A 67-year-old man with acute aortic dissection underwent total aortic replacement 4 years ago. He was introduced to our department again because he had chest wound pain and local swelling. Enhanced CT showed that there was abscess formation with bone encroachment, but malignant tumor could not be excluded. We considered it as mediastinitis firstly, and intended to open wound and

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... esection abscess for antibiotic treatment. However, we found that there were lot of swelling lymphatic nodes near to the aorta on enhanced CT reconfirmed. Definite diagnosis was diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by biopsy.