Recently, concrete facilities in snowy cold regions have become subject to survey and diagnosis of frost damage and abrasion, and repair and reinforcement against such damage. In such survey and diagnosis, it is important to understand the deterioration that has occurred in the concrete surface. In this study, we took core samples and conducted a detailed survey of concrete that was exposed to water at open channels or head works in Hokkaido. We found that concrete facilities that have been in

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... ervice for a long time in snowy cold regions may have serious deterioration involving declines in mechanical properties, such as reductions in compressive strength and relative dynamic modulus of elasticity, and experience combined deterioration of frost damage at and around the surface and abrasion involving the leaching of calcium.