DURING the earlier months of the campaign the number of cases of nephritis seen in the base hospitals was remarkably small, and in a group of such hospitals under my observation, where there were several thousand beds, I only saw, at this period, a few isolated cases of no great clinical interest. These were principally cases of chronic renal disease in men who had rejoined the army from the reserve, and where, under the stress of the campaign, the chronic malady had progressed more rapidly

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... usual, or where recrudescence of an old renal lesion occurred. These cases presented obvious physical signs of cardio-vascular changes such as high tension and arterial degeneration, and often other physical signs of chronic renal disease, e. g. the anaemia and such retinal changes as albuminuric retinitis. One of the most striking features of the medical cases admitted to hospital in the autumn and winter of 1914 was the rarity of renal dropsy. During this period, however, other maladies commonly reputed to be due to, or associated with, exposure to inclement weather were by no means rare. Thus, bronchitis and other pulmonary affections were prevalent, and there were also numerous cases of enteritis and colitis Further, during the wet and cold winter months, very large numbers of men were admitted with the so-called